1.     Why do my hives keep coming back? Does this mean I have an allergy?

Dr Hui says many patients come to clinics convinced that there must be an underlying cause. In her experience, many initially suspect a food allergy and may even begin avoiding foods such as seafood to identify a trigger.

For Dr Hui, however, identifying a possible trigger is only part of the picture. She also considers how symptoms present and have behaved over time. Immediate allergic reactions usually develop within minutes to hours of exposure to a specific allergen and tend to be reproducible, meaning the same exposure generally causes the same reaction each time.¹

2.     What if my hives do not have a clear pattern?

Dr Hui notes that if your symptoms continue for six weeks or longer, often without a clear trigger, they may be a sign of chronic spontaneous urticaria (CSU), a chronic skin condition characterised by recurring hives, deep tissue swelling (angioedema), or both; and this can be understandably frustrating for most patients as there can be a lack of a clear trigger.²

3.     What are the signs of CSU?

According to Dr Hui, there are several signs to look out for:

• Your hives keep coming back: Individual flare-ups may resolve, but symptoms can recur.² When wheals, angioedema, or both persist for more than 6 weeks, the condition is classified as chronic urticaria. Symptoms may continue for months or years in some individuals. ²
• You cannot identify one consistent trigger: Unlike typical allergies, chronic spontaneous urticaria (CSU) is usually not caused by an allergen such as a food or environmental allergen.² Instead, changes in the body’s immune system can cause unpredictable and recurring episodes of itchy hives and swelling.³
• You may also experience swelling: Some people with CSU also experience deep tissue swelling (angioedema), alongside hives. Swelling may affect areas such as the lips, eyelids or other parts of the body.²

4.    Why does early recognition matters?

Dr Hui acknowledges that CSU can be difficult to recognise because symptoms come and go and may not always be visible during a medical appointment, contributing to delays in diagnosis.⁴ Recognising that your hives are recurring, rather than isolated episodes, can help you seek the right assessment sooner.

5.    When should I speak to my doctor?

Dr Hui recommends speaking to your doctor if:

• your hives, swelling, or both have continued for six weeks or longer
• your symptoms are affecting your sleep, work or daily life
• your hives keep coming back and you are unsure why

If your symptoms are not visible during your appointment, photographs of flare-ups, a timeline of when they occur, and notes on how they affect your sleep or daily activities, as well as a diary attempting to record and keep track of any associated triggers can help your doctor understand the overall pattern and impact of your symptoms.⁵